[{"id":"aarhus-plante-og-fodevarevidenskab","universityId":"aarhus","name":"Plante- og fødevarevidenskab","award":"Bachelor","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["food-science","botany","biology"],"officialUrl":"https://bachelor.au.dk/planteogfoedevarevidenskab","durationYears":{"value":3},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":17300,"currency":"EUR","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"non-eu","undated":true}},"costContext":{"value":"On top of tuition, Aarhus charges a non-EU/EEA/Swiss applicant a 150 EUR (1,125 DKK) application fee per applicant rather than per application, and will not process the application at all until it is paid."},"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"August"},{"month":"September"}]},"applicationDeadline":{"value":"15 March"},"languageOfInstruction":{"value":"Danish"}},{"id":"aberdeen-bsc-plant-and-soil-science","universityId":"aberdeen","name":"Plant and Soil Science","award":"BSc","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.abdn.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/degree-programmes/828/CD27/plant-and-soil-science/","durationYears":{"value":4},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":24800,"currency":"GBP","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","academicYear":"2026/27","notes":"Aberdeen quotes the standard EU/international rate (£24,800) and a lower Self-funded Students rate (£18,800) that already has the automatic £6,000 Aberdeen Global Scholarship for eligible self-funded international on-campus undergraduates deducted; the standard rate is recorded here as the headline figure."}},"domesticTuition":{"value":{"amount":9790,"currency":"GBP","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"domestic","academicYear":"2026/27","notes":"Aberdeen is a Scottish university and splits the UK rate in two. The value here is the Rest-of-UK rate Aberdeen bands as \"England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Republic of Ireland\" (£9,790/year), which covers the great majority of UK-domiciled applicants. Students Aberdeen classes as \"Home Students\" — the Scotland-domiciled — pay a separate, much lower Scottish Government-set rate of £1,820/year, shown in the same table. The page adds that \"the UK Government has confirmed that the RUK fee cap will continue to increase each year to reflect inflation\"."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"September"}]},"applicationDeadline":null,"entryRequirements":{"language":null,"admissionsTests":null,"academic":{"value":"A Levels: Standard BBC, including two Mathematics/Science subjects (GCSE Grade C/4 or above also required in English, Mathematics, and Chemistry, Physics or Dual Award Science). SQA Highers: Standard BBBB, two Mathematics/Science subjects required. IB: 32 points including 5,5,5 at Higher Level, with two Mathematics/Science subjects required."},"interview":null},"languageOfInstruction":null,"scholarships":[{"value":{"name":"Aberdeen Global Scholarship","criteria":"Eligible self-funded international on-campus undergraduate students.","coverage":"£6,000 scholarship for every year of the programme, automatically applied against the standard international tuition fee.","notes":"Full terms and conditions apply, per the university's own page."}}]},{"id":"hs-geisenheim-gartenbau-b-sc","universityId":"hs-geisenheim","name":"Gartenbau (B.Sc.)","award":"Bachelor of Science","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.hs-geisenheim.de/studium/studieninteressierte/bachelor/gartenbau-bsc","durationYears":{"value":3.5},"internationalTuition":null,"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":null},{"id":"hs-geisenheim-weinbau-und-oenologie-b-sc","universityId":"hs-geisenheim","name":"Weinbau und Oenologie (B.Sc.)","award":"Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.)","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["food-science","botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.hs-geisenheim.de/studium/studieninteressierte/bachelor/weinbau-und-oenologie-bsc","durationYears":{"value":3},"internationalTuition":null,"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":null},{"id":"kyoto-bioresource-science-faculty-of-agriculture-kyoto-iup","universityId":"kyoto","name":"Bioresource Science (Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto iUP)","award":"Bachelor's Degree","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["biology","botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.iup.kyoto-u.ac.jp/Application_Guidelines_for_October_2027_Enrollment.pdf","durationYears":null,"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":535800,"currency":"JPY","basis":"per-year","scope":"institution-wide","audience":"international","periodLabel":"Application Guidelines\nfor October 2027 Enrollment","notes":"This is Kyoto iUP's published sticker rate for the 4-year undergraduate course (JPY 282,000 one-time admission fee is separate, shown in the same quote) — Japan's standard national-university tuition band, identical to the rate the University of Tokyo's GSC transfer programme publishes. It is NOT what most Kyoto iUP students actually pay: the university states 'Scholarships that include full admission fee waivers and full or partial tuition fee waivers for four-and-a-half years are available for all Kyoto iUP students,' with the admission fee waived in full for every student and the tuition waiver full-or-partial depending on merit, so most admits pay less than this figure. A monthly allowance of up to JPY 120,000 is also paid to every student during the 6-month preparatory course. Kyoto University does not publish any other scholarship for international undergraduates outside Kyoto iUP."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":null},{"id":"leibniz-hannover-plant-biotechnology","universityId":"leibniz-hannover","name":"Plant Biotechnology","award":"M.Sc.","level":"postgraduate-taught","disciplines":["biotechnology","botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.uni-hannover.de/en/studium/studienangebot/info/studiengang/detail/pflanzenbiotechnologie","durationYears":{"value":2},"internationalTuition":null,"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":{"value":"German"}},{"id":"lincoln-nz-agricultural-science","universityId":"lincoln-nz","name":"Bachelor of Agricultural Science","award":"Bachelor of Agricultural Science","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["earth-environmental","botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.lincoln.ac.nz/study/study-programmes/programme-search/bachelor-of-agricultural-science/","durationYears":{"value":4},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":37000,"currency":"NZD","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","undated":true,"notes":"Annual tuition. A compulsory Student Services fee (NZ$976) and medical and travel insurance (NZ$899) are extra, for an estimated NZ$38,875 a year. Lincoln says 2027 fees are not yet set and will differ."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":null},{"id":"mate-hungary-horticultural-engineering","universityId":"mate-hungary","name":"Horticultural Engineering","award":"BSc","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["botany"],"officialUrl":"https://en.uni-mate.hu/bsc-and-msc-programmes-in-english-tuition-fees","durationYears":{"value":3.5},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":2050,"currency":"EUR","basis":"per-term","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","academicYear":"2026/27","notes":"MATE charges self-funded international students EUR 2,050 per semester on this programme (taught at its Budapest campus), for students starting in the 2026-2027 academic year. The first two semesters' fees must be paid before admission and entry to Hungary."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"entryRequirements":null,"languageOfInstruction":{"value":"English"},"scholarships":null},{"id":"mate-hungary-crop-production-engineering-msc","universityId":"mate-hungary","name":"Crop Production Engineering (MSc)","award":"MSc","level":"postgraduate-taught","disciplines":["botany"],"officialUrl":"https://en.uni-mate.hu/bsc-and-msc-programmes-in-english-tuition-fees","durationYears":null,"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":3000,"currency":"EUR","basis":"per-term","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","academicYear":"2026/27","notes":"MATE charges self-funded international students EUR 3,000 per semester on this programme (taught at its Gödöllő campus), for students starting in the 2026-2027 academic year. The first two semesters' fees must be paid before admission and entry to Hungary."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":{"value":"English"}},{"id":"monash-au-bachelor-science","universityId":"monash-australia","name":"Bachelor of Science","award":"BSc","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["biology","chemistry","physics","mathematics","genetics","immunology","microbiology","ecology","botany","zoology","molecular-biology","pharmacology","physiology"],"officialUrl":"https://www.monash.edu/study/courses/find-a-course/science-s2000?international=true","durationYears":{"value":3},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":60040,"currency":"AUD","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","notes":"Australian fee years run to the calendar year, so Monash labels this rate 2026 rather than an academic year spanning two years; it had not published 2027 rates when this was collected, and the page says fees are subject to change annually. The figure is the full-time load of 48 credit points; taking fewer or more points changes it proportionally. Tuition only — Overseas Student Health Cover, the Student Services and Amenities Fee where it applies, books and living costs are extra.","undated":true}},"domesticTuition":{"value":{"amount":10500,"currency":"AUD","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"domestic","periodLabel":"2027","notes":"A Commonwealth Supported Place (CSP) student contribution, not a Monash-set tuition price: the Australian Government sets the maximum contribution per funding cluster (field of study) and revises it annually, and a degree draws units from more than one cluster. Monash publishes this as the average annual student contribution for this course, so what an individual pays moves with the units chosen. The same page shows a separate full-fee rate. Available only to domestic students offered a CSP, and deferrable through a HECS-HELP loan rather than paid upfront."}},"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"February","label":"Semester one (February)"},{"month":"July","label":"Semester two (July)"}]},"applicationDeadline":null,"entryRequirements":{"language":{"value":[{"test":"IELTS (Academic)","minimumOverall":6.5,"minimumPerComponent":"Listening 6.0, Reading 6.0, Writing 6.0 and Speaking 6.0","notes":"Monash sets English requirements in levels; this course is Level A. The course page also lists equivalent scores for TOEFL iBT, Pearson (PTE Academic) and other approved tests."}]},"admissionsTests":null,"academic":{"value":"Monash converts each qualification to an entry score. For the 2027 intake this course requires a GCE A Level aggregate of 9 (Monash scores A Levels on its own aggregate, not on grades directly), alongside the ATAR 80 equivalent published in the same table, and the course's prerequisite subjects."},"interview":null},"languageOfInstruction":null,"scholarships":[{"value":{"name":"Monash International Merit Scholarship","criteria":"International students from any country who receive a full, unconditional Monash course offer and intend to enrol full-time in an undergraduate degree at a Monash campus in Australia are considered automatically — no separate application. Current Monash students, Australian Year 12 students, Monash Pathway (Monash College / Foundation Year) students and entrants to the Bachelor of Medical Science and Doctor of Medicine are not eligible.","coverage":"A$15,000 a year for the duration of the degree, to a total scholarship value of up to $75,000. Monash offers 20 a year."}},{"value":{"name":"Monash International Study Grant","criteria":"For applicants from Vietnam, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka or Nepal applying for a Monash University Australia undergraduate or Masters course. Applicants are assessed automatically once they hold a full offer letter to study at a Monash Australia campus and meet the academic entry requirements. Students already receiving another scholarship or sponsorship that pays part or all of their fees are not eligible, and the grants are not available to transnational-education or sponsored students.","coverage":"A grant of $5,000, $10,000 or $15,000 AUD depending on the outcome of the assessment. Recipients must study at least an 18 credit point load per semester to keep the grant.","notes":"Basis left unset. Monash says the grants are \"awarded based on select eligibility criteria\" — study level, meeting the academic entry requirements, and location — which is a list of gates rather than a claim that the strongest applicants are chosen; \"must meet academic entry requirements\" is the ordinary admission bar, not a merit test. Monash also notes that \"Some courses may be excluded\" without publishing the list, so eligibility for a specific degree should be confirmed with the university. The number of 2026-commencement grants was stated as limited."}}],"notes":"The university now publishes this fee for 2027. The academic year is left as it was: this country runs a calendar year and that field requires a straddling one, so inventing a split year here would assert something the university does not say.","costContext":{"value":"Monash notes that a Student Services and Amenities Fee applies to some students each calendar year, on top of tuition. Its fee page does not say which students, so it is worth checking against your own enrolment before budgeting."}},{"id":"monash-au-bachelor-science-advanced-research","universityId":"monash-australia","name":"Bachelor of Science Advanced - Research (Honours)","award":"BSc Adv (Hons)","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["biology","chemistry","physics","mathematics","genetics","immunology","microbiology","ecology","botany","zoology","molecular-biology","pharmacology","physiology"],"officialUrl":"https://www.monash.edu/study/courses/find-a-course/science-advanced-research-s3002?international=true","durationYears":{"value":4},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":60640,"currency":"AUD","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","notes":"Australian fee years run to the calendar year, so Monash labels this rate 2026 rather than an academic year spanning two years; it had not published 2027 rates when this was collected, and the page says fees are subject to change annually. The figure is the full-time load of 48 credit points; taking fewer or more points changes it proportionally. Tuition only — Overseas Student Health Cover, the Student Services and Amenities Fee where it applies, books and living costs are extra.","undated":true}},"domesticTuition":{"value":{"amount":8500,"currency":"AUD","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"domestic","periodLabel":"2027","notes":"A Commonwealth Supported Place (CSP) student contribution, not a Monash-set tuition price: the Australian Government sets the maximum contribution per funding cluster (field of study) and revises it annually, and a degree draws units from more than one cluster. Monash publishes this as the average annual student contribution for this course, so what an individual pays moves with the units chosen. The same page shows a separate full-fee rate. Available only to domestic students offered a CSP, and deferrable through a HECS-HELP loan rather than paid upfront."}},"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"February","label":"Semester one (February)"},{"month":"July","label":"Semester two (July)"}]},"applicationDeadline":null,"entryRequirements":{"language":{"value":[{"test":"IELTS (Academic)","minimumOverall":7,"minimumPerComponent":"Listening 6.5, Reading 6.5, Writing 6.5 and Speaking 6.5","notes":"Monash sets English requirements in levels; this course is Level C. The course page also lists equivalent scores for TOEFL iBT, Pearson (PTE Academic) and other approved tests."}]},"admissionsTests":null,"academic":{"value":"Monash converts each qualification to an entry score. For the 2027 intake this course requires a GCE A Level aggregate of 14 (Monash scores A Levels on its own aggregate, not on grades directly), alongside the ATAR 95 equivalent published in the same table, and the course's prerequisite subjects."},"interview":null},"languageOfInstruction":null,"scholarships":[{"value":{"name":"Monash International Merit Scholarship","criteria":"International students from any country who receive a full, unconditional Monash course offer and intend to enrol full-time in an undergraduate degree at a Monash campus in Australia are considered automatically — no separate application. Current Monash students, Australian Year 12 students, Monash Pathway (Monash College / Foundation Year) students and entrants to the Bachelor of Medical Science and Doctor of Medicine are not eligible.","coverage":"A$15,000 a year for the duration of the degree, to a total scholarship value of up to $75,000. Monash offers 20 a year."}},{"value":{"name":"Monash International Study Grant","criteria":"For applicants from Vietnam, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka or Nepal applying for a Monash University Australia undergraduate or Masters course. Applicants are assessed automatically once they hold a full offer letter to study at a Monash Australia campus and meet the academic entry requirements. Students already receiving another scholarship or sponsorship that pays part or all of their fees are not eligible, and the grants are not available to transnational-education or sponsored students.","coverage":"A grant of $5,000, $10,000 or $15,000 AUD depending on the outcome of the assessment. Recipients must study at least an 18 credit point load per semester to keep the grant.","notes":"Basis left unset. Monash says the grants are \"awarded based on select eligibility criteria\" — study level, meeting the academic entry requirements, and location — which is a list of gates rather than a claim that the strongest applicants are chosen; \"must meet academic entry requirements\" is the ordinary admission bar, not a merit test. Monash also notes that \"Some courses may be excluded\" without publishing the list, so eligibility for a specific degree should be confirmed with the university. The number of 2026-commencement grants was stated as limited."}}],"notes":"The university now publishes this fee for 2027. The academic year is left as it was: this country runs a calendar year and that field requires a straddling one, so inventing a split year here would assert something the university does not say.","costContext":{"value":"Monash notes that a Student Services and Amenities Fee applies to some students each calendar year, on top of tuition. Its fee page does not say which students, so it is worth checking against your own enrolment before budgeting."}},{"id":"unimelb-bachelor-of-agriculture","universityId":"unimelb","name":"Bachelor of Agriculture","award":"BAgr","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["biology","earth-environmental","botany"],"officialUrl":"https://study.unimelb.edu.au/find/courses/undergraduate/bachelor-of-agriculture/","durationYears":{"value":3},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":176331,"currency":"AUD","basis":"total-program","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","periodLabel":"2027 indicative total course fee","notes":"Melbourne charges international tuition per subject by discipline band rather than as a flat course rate, so the actual cost moves with enrolment; the figure stored here is the university's own 2027 indicative total course fee (lower bound of the printed range, $176,331 - $180,265) from Table 2 of its official Tuition Fee Tables publication. First-year cell on the same row: $54,848. Accepting an offer requires a minimum deposit of AUD$17,000, credited against tuition; Overseas Student Health Cover is additional. From second year, students choose a major in agricultural economics, plant and social science, or production animal science."}},"costContext":{"value":"Melbourne states its figure is indicative and varies with the number of subjects taken, their credit-point value, and the discipline band of each subject — so two students on the same degree can be billed different amounts."},"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"March"},{"month":"July"}]},"applicationDeadline":null,"entryRequirements":{"language":{"value":[{"test":"IELTS (academic English Only)","minimumOverall":6.5,"minimumPerComponent":"with writing 6.0; speaking 6.0; reading 6.0; listening 6.0","notes":"Melbourne's standard undergraduate band (UoM English Level 1), which the university's own table lists as applying to the Bachelor of Agriculture, Bachelor of Commerce and others alongside the Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Design and Bachelor of Biomedicine already recorded on StudyPath."}]}},"languageOfInstruction":null,"scholarships":[{"value":{"name":"Melbourne International Undergraduate Scholarship","criteria":"Citizen of a country with a Gross Domestic Product per capita of US$10,000 or less based on World Bank data; hold an offer for an Overseas Fee place in a bachelor's degree for commencement in the year the scholarship is offered; not have previously undertaken tertiary studies (excluding extension studies completed as part of a year 12 program). Awarded to the student(s) ranked highest on final secondary school or foundation studies results.","coverage":"20% fee remission for the duration of the course (25% for scholarships awarded before 2027)","coveragePercentage":20,"notes":"No application required — automatically considered when applying for a course; outcomes notified within five working days of a course offer. At least 110 awards are offered now, rising to 225 from 2027. Cannot be held with another scholarship or sponsorship that provides a fee sponsorship or discount. Open across study areas including Engineering; Information technology and computer science; Science; Environment; Agricultural and veterinary sciences."}}]},{"id":"uq-bachelor-science-2461","universityId":"university-of-queensland","name":"Bachelor of Science","award":"BSc","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["biology","chemistry","physics","mathematics","computer-science","earth-environmental","genetics","immunology","microbiology","bioinformatics","marine-biology","ecology","food-science","nutrition","botany","public-health","zoology","molecular-biology"],"officialUrl":"https://study.uq.edu.au/study-options/programs/bachelor-science-2461","durationYears":{"value":3},"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":56800,"currency":"AUD","basis":"per-year","scope":"program-specific","audience":"international","periodLabel":"Approximate yearly cost of tuition (16 units)","notes":"Approximate yearly tuition for 16 units (standard full-time load). Fees vary by course selection and are reviewed annually; 2027 indicative rate shown."}},"costContext":{"value":"UQ reviews its fees each year and states they may increase, so the published figure is the rate for the year of entry rather than for the degree."},"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"February","label":"Semester 1"},{"month":"July","label":"Semester 2"}]},"applicationDeadline":{"value":"November 30 of the previous year"},"entryRequirements":{"language":{"value":[{"test":"IELTS Academic","minimumOverall":6.5,"minimumPerComponent":"reading 6; writing 6; speaking 6; listening 6","notes":"UQ's standard undergraduate English requirement (English Level 1). The same page lists TOEFL iBT 87 (L19 R19 W21 S19), PTE Academic 64 (60 all bands), Cambridge C1 Advanced 176 (169 all), and other tests at this band; those alternatives sit in adjacent columns and could not be brought inside one contiguous quote, so only the IELTS column is recorded structurally."}]}},"languageOfInstruction":null,"scholarships":[{"value":{"name":"UQ Vice-Chancellor's Scholarship","criteria":"Outstanding academic achievements during senior secondary studies; aspiring to undertake a coursework degree at UQ. All study areas eligible.","coverage":"$12,000 per year","notes":"Number awarded may vary; opening date 7 August 2026; open to all study areas including STEM."}}]},{"id":"upjs-kosice-botany-and-plant-physiology","universityId":"upjs-kosice","name":"Botany and Plant Physiology","award":"Master's degree","level":"postgraduate-taught","disciplines":["botany","physiology"],"officialUrl":"https://studijne-programy.upjs.sk/en/programme/BFRm","durationYears":null,"internationalTuition":null,"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":{"value":"Slovak"}},{"id":"uwyo-botany","universityId":"uwyo","name":"Botany, B.S.","award":"B.S.","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["botany","biology"],"officialUrl":"https://www.uwyo.edu/botany/","durationYears":null,"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":11235,"currency":"USD","basis":"per-term","scope":"institution-wide","audience":"international","academicYear":"2026/27","notes":"UW charges block tuition: this one rate covers 12–18 credit hours in a semester, so two semesters come to USD 22,470 for a normal full-time year. It is the non-resident rate, which UW applies to international students and to out-of-state Americans alike — its own cost-of-attendance page says \"a student who is not a resident of the state of Wyoming will be considered a non-resident or international student\", so there is no separate, higher international rate. Mandatory fees and special course fees are set separately by the Trustees and are excluded from this figure. Students taking fewer or more credits than the block are charged per credit ($749 per credit for undergraduate non-residents, main campus)."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":{"value":[{"month":"August","label":"Fall"},{"month":"January","label":"Spring"},{"month":"May","label":"Summer"}]},"applicationDeadline":{"value":"Recommended: 1 June for Fall, 1 November for Spring, 1 April for Summer. UW keeps accepting applications after these dates but warns that visa processing may not finish in time."},"entryRequirements":{"language":{"value":[{"test":"TOEFL","minimumOverall":71},{"test":"IELTS","minimumOverall":6},{"test":"Duolingo","minimumOverall":100},{"test":"iTEP","minimumOverall":4}]},"admissionsTests":null,"academic":{"value":"Minimum GPA 2.5 for first-year applicants on the International Direct track (2.0 for transfer applicants). Applicants below these English scores are placed on UW's Academic Accelerator or Extended Accelerator tracks instead, which accept a 2.0 GPA."},"interview":null},"languageOfInstruction":null},{"id":"wageningen-plantenwetenschappen-plant-sciences","universityId":"wageningen","name":"Bachelor's in Plantenwetenschappen (Plant Sciences)","award":"BSc","level":"undergraduate","disciplines":["botany"],"officialUrl":"https://www.wur.nl/en/education/bachelor/bachelor-plantenwetenschappen","durationYears":null,"internationalTuition":{"value":{"amount":18300,"currency":"EUR","basis":"per-year","scope":"institution-wide","audience":"non-eu","academicYear":"2026/27","notes":"Wageningen charges one institutional rate for every bachelor's programme, so this figure is the same across all of them. Students with a Dutch, EEA, Swiss, Surinamese or Ukrainian nationality pay the Dutch statutory fee instead — EUR 2,694 for 2026-2027, stated on the same page — so the non-EU rate is roughly seven times higher and is the decisive cost fact for an applicant from outside Europe."}},"costContext":null,"intakes":null,"applicationDeadline":null,"languageOfInstruction":null}]